Astragalus membranaceus has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and is the subject of numerous scientific investigations. In cancer research, various components of the plant and their potential effects on cellular and immunological processes are being studied in particular.
The current body of data includes preclinical studies, review articles, and individual clinical trials. However, no generalized conclusions can be drawn from this that Astragalus membranaceus can treat or prevent cancer.
What has been investigated in research on Astragalus?
Various components of Astragalus membranaceus have been scientifically investigated, including polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids. The focus was, among other things, on possible influences on immune responses, inflammatory processes, and various signaling pathways in tumor cells. PubMed
A large part of this research comes from cell and animal models. In addition, there are clinical studies in which Astragalus-containing preparations were used in addition to existing cancer therapies. However, the validity of these studies varies and is not sufficient to evaluate Astragalus as an independent cancer therapy.
What do clinical studies show?
Clinical studies have addressed issues including cancer-related fatigue and quality of life. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis summarized eight randomized trials and reported evidence of improvements in fatigue and quality of life. However, due to small study sizes, different types of cancer, and varying treatments, the authors considered the evidence not yet sufficient for a strong clinical recommendation. PubMed
Individual randomized trials with Astragalus-based preparations have also been conducted. However, the results are not consistent; for example, a recent phase II study in breast cancer patients showed no significant overall difference in fatigue compared to placebo. PubMed
Astragalus should therefore not be presented as a substitute for established cancer therapy. Research to date mainly examines potential complementary applications and supportive effects.
How should the results be classified?
Research on Astragalus membranaceus provides interesting insights into potential biological and supportive effects. However, the results come from very different studies – ranging from cell and animal models to smaller clinical trials.
Therefore, it cannot be concluded from the current data that Astragalus can treat cancer, prevent the progression of a disease, or extend life expectancy.
For a reliable clinical evaluation, larger, methodologically high-quality, and long-term studies are required. A clear distinction between preclinical indications and actually proven clinical effects in humans is particularly important.
Original publication
Further scientific information can be found in the underlying publication.
